The liquid filling machine is a fully automatic device, which is adjusted by the control cabinet with buttons and the weighing instrument and the bucket loading device. It receives empty buckets, positions them at the filling port, and introduces the filling gun into the filling port to complete the filling process. The control system regulates the flow rate and the amount of material input, achieving automatic weight calibration and replacing the sealing bowl on the bucket and tightening it to the required torque. Then, it removes the full bucket from the filling scale platform. The various parts, from loading the bucket, filling the liquid and weighing to sealing and discharging the bucket, are coordinated with each other to maintain the stable operation of the filling machine. The method of automatically loading the bucket is effective in reducing the impact of the filling machine and uses PLC to control the movement of the bucket loading mechanism, enabling the subsequent processes to be completed smoothly.

The automatic filling machine consists of an automatic bucket stacking machine, an online weighing system, a conveying and tracking filling device, a filling gun cylinder device, and an out-of-bucket device. The automatic bucket stacking machine is composed of an inlet conveyor, a bucket divider motor, and a pulley, etc. The conveying system provides power to the material buckets, enabling them to be transported at the required speed and in a stable manner. The structure of the online weighing device is independent of the entire conveying mechanism, ensuring the weighing environment. The electronic scale platform combines with the weighing sensor to achieve high-precision weighing. The filling gun cylinder device uses the lifting mechanism to achieve the tracking function of the filling machine. The filling machine controls the conveyor on the delivery table to transport the empty bucket at a speed of 1.2 m/s to the position where the first empty bucket is about to reach the predetermined position. The front bucket stopper motor in the positioning mechanism 4 pops out under the control of the front photoelectric head to block the empty bucket, ensuring that the first empty bucket of each batch is at the accurate designated position. The rear photoelectric head sets the batch number. The rear bucket stopper motor serves as the isolation motor for each batch, ensuring that the number of empty buckets to be filled in each batch (between the front bucket stopper motor and the rear bucket stopper motor) is the set batch number. When the rear bucket stopper motor is inserted, the conveyor stops to avoid the friction between the stationary bottom of the bucket and the moving surface of the conveyor during filling, preventing unnecessary wear on the bottom of the bucket and ensuring the stability of the filling bucket. The spring's elasticity effectively compensates for the error caused by the free height of the bucket mouth, improving the filling machine's sealing adaptability to various filling buckets. At this time, the diaphragm pump starts and simultaneously fills the liquid into the empty bucket. As the liquid level height continuously increases, the air in the bucket is discharged through the return pipe until it reaches the set control liquid level height (filling volume). The return pipe begins to contact the liquid surface and starts to return the liquid. The liquid above the return pipe opening is returned to the storage tank to ensure that the liquid level height in the empty bucket is always at the set value. When all the empty buckets of this batch are filled and reach the set control liquid level height, the diaphragm pump automatically stops running, the filling system stops filling the liquid into the empty buckets, the adjusting bracket rises, and the outflow nozzle is lifted to completely separate from the filled bucket. The conveyor starts to transport the filled liquid bucket out and simultaneously transports the next batch of empty buckets for filling. At this point, the filling machine completes a cycle action.

The weighing filling machine is similar to the flow meter filling machine. Each filling valve and a dynamic electronic scale correspond to each other. The material bucket is placed on the electronic scale. When the weight on the scale reaches the set value, the filling gun valve is closed to achieve the purpose of quantification. The filling machine needs to fix the main fixing frame on the electronic scale, send the bucket to the pneumatic control bucket carrier cylinder on the filling machine platform, including an overload protection device and the internal wiring box of the weighing module and the electronic scale platform. The bucket needs to be initially positioned on the extensible idler wheel positioning device on the outer diameter, and then positioned at the filling port by the electric start device. The specially designed filling port precise positioning device ensures the correct operation of the sealing bowl spiral device. The pneumatic screw seal wrench installed on the telescopic arm is designed to remove the plunger from an empty barrel and then place it back after filling. The wrench is mounted on a torque monitoring device, which is combined with a depth sensor to detect faulty or improperly configured plungers. The filling and filling gun is equipped with a manually operated start air valve and a three-position filling control valve (maximum flow rate, minimum flow rate, and off), and this filling gun is mounted on an air-activated positioner and a vertical cylinder. During filling, the filling gun is guided to the barrel opening. The drip recovery device is an important part of the filling gun. It completes the vertical movement of the cylinder through the vertical motion of the filling gun when entering the barrel. The drip recovery device is used to recover the dripping liquid during the transportation and positioning of the barrel, and the recovered product is automatically released during the filling cycle.

The weighing filling machine uses PLC to achieve the motion control of the bucket-by-bucket servo motor, and it realizes control by outputting pulses. Input various parameters and data, and use PLC control to achieve complex positioning control. The signal collected by the sensor used to count the bucket position is used as the input of the PLC; the output module of the PLC is connected to the contactors of the bucket-by-bucket servo motor and each actuator; at the same time, the servo amplifier of the servo motor is connected to the actuating cylinder. The material barrels conveyed from the barrel feeding conveyor are separated by the bucket-by-bucket motor at certain intervals and speeds, and then passed to the main conveying system by the pulley. The liquid filling machine fills the equipment through a direct discharge conveyor, and the middle barrels are successively filled by 2# to 4# filling guns for rough filling, and then by 5# filling gun for precise filling, and then transported by the conveying system to the next process. The automatic bucket feeder is sent to the automatic liquid filling conveyor chain, and the pusher pushes the empty barrel to the 2# filling station on the filling and weighing line. The 2# electronic scale rises, and the bucket delay is activated after the point is reached, and the weight value of the empty barrel is collected for automatic zeroing, and then the filling head is opened to start large filling and rapid pre-filling, reaching the pre-filling volume. After that, the 2# electronic scale lowers, and the middle barrel enters 3# and 4# filling guns for rough filling (the filling volume is determined by the quantitative control of the electronic scale), and then enters the 5# filling station, where the 5# electronic scale rises, and the filling gun fills until the preset value of the coarse valve is reached, then it turns to slow filling and small filling. After filling to the preset value of the fine valve, the filling head is completely closed. After the filling is completed, the filling scale line starts again, and the filling scale line drives the heavy barrel to the next process. Thus, the filling scale work is completed.

The automatic laser machine is started by the assembly line, using software to deflect the laser beam, and using the high energy of the laser to ablate on the material barrel, thereby engraving various characters, symbols, and various patterns on the surface of the barrel. The characters are clear and not easy to be erased, the marking is fast and consistent, and it is a non-contact working mode, which can ensure that the workpiece will not be damaged. Laser marking is achieved through the reflection of X and Y mirror lenses, focusing through a flat-field lens on the surface of the workpiece to form a high-energy laser point, by controlling the different positions of X and Y mirror lenses and the switch of the laser, the laser point moves on the surface of the barrel, thereby forming patterns. The movement of X and Y mirror lenses and the switch of the laser are controlled by the laser marking control software on the computer.

The control of the filling line uses PLC control functions on the assembly line, including: one servo motor and servo motor driver, used to control the movement of the assembly line. Three solenoid valves, two of which are used to control two cylinders, one is used to control the cutting blow air. Two cylinders, each with two position sensors on them, are used to detect the signals of the cylinder being extended to the full position and retracting to the full position. The position sensors on the assembly line have position sensors, used to detect whether there is a workpiece on the assembly line (tape), if from no to yes, it indicates that a workpiece has been on the assembly line, if from yes to no, it indicates that there is no workpiece on the assembly line. When the last workpiece is completed, a warning needs to be issued. Connect the two devices together and the control process is as follows: When the user selects different marking data, the marking machine starts marking. After completion, the assembly line automatically moves to the distance corresponding to the marking data, stops, and then automatically cuts off the workpiece (tape), and starts the selection of the next marking data. To achieve the fully automatic control of the marking workpiece and the assembly line.

The automatic barrel stacking machine is used to select the stacking of barrels from the assembly line. It is mainly composed of an inlet electric roller conveyor, a high-level electric roller conveyor, a stacking roller conveyor, and a discharge roller conveyor. The main functions are as follows: Position the filled barrels on the incoming automatic electric roller conveyor, lift and place them on an empty pallet, position the barrels on the pallet according to the preset program, take the filled pallets from the two filling electronic scales and transport them to the stacking roller conveyor, take a new empty pallet from the shelf, clear the不合格 barrels beside the filling electronic scale platform， and insert them back according to the operator's instructions.

The forklift empty pallet rack can automatically interrupt the control of the stacking equipment. The stacking equipment can take the empty pallets from the shelf and transport them to the stacking platform. It is equipped with adjustable support plates and reference plates， which can easily adapt to various pallet sizes within the equipment's capacity. Each pallet will be placed on the electric roller conveyor， which is made of heavy-duty formed metal plates. The equipment also includes heavy-duty chains， a reducer， and a roller track sealed with internal bearings and lubricated frequently.

The main electrical cabinet PLC is located in a logic box with all software and hardware functions， used to control the entire cycle of the system. The front control board has a digital display with diagnostic functions. The operator can visually observe the final fault code and directly handle the filling machine faults according to the operator's instructions. The device is also equipped with dry contacts for the external counter for the number of barrels. The entire system operation is controlled by the PLC in the main control room. All weighing instruments and transmission devices are connected to the PLC. Each movement or operation of the system is controlled by appropriate photoelectric sensors or weighing modules. The logic function is designed for the entire safe operation in any operation mode. All manual control is locked internally to avoid damage in case of incorrect operation. The control logic is also equipped with basic diagnostic functions， which alert the operator when there is an error function and display the error on the touch screen and can be identified on the system operating system.

The operation of the entire device line only requires pressing the start button， and the system will start running. First， place the empty barrels on the electric roller scale and clamp them. All barrels are stacked at the entrance of the roller scale conveyor. Through a double-link motor， the barrels are independent when entering the loading platform. The push/pull of the empty/full barrels is simultaneous. When the barrel enters the loading platform， another empty barrel is pushed out of this platform. When the barrel is on the loading platform， two electric pneumatic control pulling motors will push out against the surface of the barrel， and at the same time， the third pulling motor with a rubber wheel is also placed on the surface of the barrel. The third wheel is controlled by a motor to rotate. When the barrel is in the correct position， a sensor can send a signal indicating the presence of the lid and the lowering of the stop motor. The end of this motor is a pad， one side is fixed and the other side can move. First， when the lid approaches the barrel， stop the rotation of the barrel， the motor also stops， and the movable part of the pulling motor pad closes. Then， the lid-pushing motor is placed on the barrel and the lid is lowered. Before the lid returns to its position， release it. Another actuating cylinder， carrying the filling gun， is placed on the barrel and lowered to the appropriate position. The filling gun enters the barrel， all the components holding it retract and return to the starting position， facilitating automation. Inside the filling gun， there are two electromagnetic valves to control the filling. The weight of the barrel is given by the weighing instrument and indicates the final weight. When the filling process is completed, the cylinder is raised, pulled out from the barrel, and the stopper motor of the barrel returns to the barrel, the side pad closes, and the screw cap motor tightens the cap. After these steps are completed, all the motor units return to their initial positions. When the barrel is pushed out by the dual motor, the roller weighing machine that transports the full barrel is activated. The barrel is sent to the automatic barrel stacking machine. Each time the barrel approaches the stacking machine, the roller weighing machine stops in front of the stacking machine, and the barrel will pass through the coding system to print the number. The bracket is placed on the stacking machine to facilitate loading. The normal state of the stacking machine is: on the right side for transportation, the clamp is above and open, the stacking machine detects the full barrel, the clamp drops and grabs the barrel, then lifts it and transports it away. The motor stops, the clamp drops and opens to place the barrel on the bracket, at this time, the loading vehicle enters the waiting for barrel state. When the second barrel is detected, repeat the above cycle, but the barrel is placed on the line, then enter the waiting for barrel state to wait for the third barrel. When the positioning of the second barrel is about to end, the stacking machine moves forward to place the subsequent barrels. After loading the four barrels of the first group, the loading vehicle of the stacking machine returns to the position waiting for the filled barrels.